Corporate Law
Corporate law, also referred to as business law or company law, is the body of law that governs the rights, relations, and conduct of individuals, companies, organizations, and businesses. It encompasses legal practices and theories related to corporations.
Corporate law often deals with matters directly arising from a corporation's life cycle, including its formation, funding, governance, and dissolution. It regulates how corporations, investors, shareholders, directors, employees, creditors, and other stakeholders interact.
We offer incorporation and registration services for various commercial entities such as limited companies, unlimited companies, limited liability partnerships, limited partnerships, companies limited by guarantee, partnerships, and sole proprietorships.
Our professional engagements cover corporate management, status disputes, commercial contracts, insolvency (bankruptcy), and liquidation procedures. We also provide incorporation and registration services for not-for-profit corporations.
Commercial Law
Commercial law, also known as trade law, applies to the rights, relations, and conduct of individuals and businesses engaged in commerce, merchandising, trade, and sales. It is considered a branch of civil law and addresses issues in both private and public law.
Commercial law covers domestic and international trade, the relationship between principal and agent, land and sea carriage, merchant shipping, guarantees, marine, fire, life, and accident insurance, security interests (collaterals), negotiable instruments, contracts, partnerships, and more. Many of these categories fall within financial law, particularly in relation to financing and financial markets. It also regulates corporate contracts, hiring practices, and the manufacture and sale of consumer goods.
Tax Law
National tax system of the Republic of Serbia is in line with tax systems of developed EU countries and directives regarding types of taxes, collection methods, and audit procedures. The system comprises direct and indirect taxes and is characterized by modernity, flexibility, and consistency. Tax rates are competitive and stable, not subject to frequent changes.
Tax reform in the Republic of Serbia began two decades ago through amendments to tax legislation to align with European Union standards. The tax system includes excise, customs, value-added tax, corporate profit tax, personal income tax, contributions for mandatory social insurance, taxes on immovable property, taxes on turnover of immovable property, taxes on insurance premiums, taxes on the usage and turnover of passenger motor vehicles, vessels, aircraft, and more. Additionally, the Republic of Serbia has signed numerous double taxation prevention treaties with various countries on the subjects of income and property.
Financial law
Financial law pertains to the regulation of insurance, derivatives, commercial banking, capital markets, and investment management. It is essential for understanding the creation and implementation of banking and financial regulations, as well as the legal framework for finance in general. Financial law is a significant portion of commercial law and a substantial part of the global economy.
Additionally, services provided to financial organizations include due diligence, creation of financial contracts, extrajudicial sale of property, loan collection via civil proceedings, management of claims related to distressed assets, factoring and leasing advisory, risk management advisory, and KYC/AML risk advisory. Furthermore, services for the registration of investment funds, companies, securities brokers, and dealers are also offered.
Family and inheritance law
Family law covers various aspects, such as marriage, civil unions, domestic partnerships, divorce, annulment, property settlements, alimony, child custody and visitation, child support, adoption, child protective proceedings in cases of abuse and neglect, and paternity procedures. It also deals with issues related to jurisdiction and the recognition of marital and custody arrangements across different jurisdictions. Inheritance, on the other hand, refers to the rightful share of a deceased person's property, determined by the laws of the jurisdiction in which the deceased was a citizen or where the person died.
Property and real estate law
Property law deals with the ownership and tenancy of both real and personal property. It encompasses the creation of contracts and deeds related to property rights, including due diligence, leases, mortgages, liens, concessions, construction contracts, and representation before relevant authorities. In civil law, property is divided into movable and immovable categories, with land being considered immovable property.
Intellectual Property Law
Intellectual property is a category of property that includes intangible creations of the human intellect. It primarily encompasses copyrights, patents, and trademarks. It also includes other types of rights such as trade secrets, publicity rights, moral rights, and rights against unfair competition. Artistic works like music and literature, as well as discoveries, inventions, words, phrases, symbols, and designs, can all be protected as intellectual property. This provides an economic incentive for their creation, as it allows people to profit from the information and intellectual goods they create. These economic incentives are expected to stimulate innovation and contribute to the technological progress of countries, which depends on the extent of protection granted to innovators. Local and international registration and protection of intellectual property services are provided.
Civil & Commercial Litigation
Civil procedure is the body of law that sets out the rules and standards that courts follow when adjudicating civil lawsuits (as opposed to procedures in criminal law matters). Civil litigation results when two or more parties become embroiled in a legal dispute seeking money or another specific performance rather than criminal sanctions. A lawyer specializing in civil litigation is known as a litigator or a trial lawyer. They represent clients across a broad spectrum of associated proceedings, including pre-trial hearings, depositions, as well as arbitration or mediation before administrative agencies or court personnel. Arbitration and mediation (alternative dispute resolution) are processes that attempt to guide the parties toward settlement without the time and expense of going to court. The litigation rules regulate various aspects, including how a lawsuit or case may be commenced, what kind of service of process (if any) is required, the types of pleadings or statements of case, motions or applications, and orders allowed in civil cases, the timing and manner of depositions and discovery or disclosure, the conduct of trials, the process for judgment, and various available remedies. A spectrum of legal procedural services is provided, regardless of the competence of the court.
Criminal Law & Litigation
Criminal law is the body of law that relates to crime. It proscribes conduct perceived as threatening, harmful, or otherwise endangering to the property, health, safety, and moral welfare of people, including oneself. The criminal law is established by statute, which means that a legislature enacts the laws. Criminal law includes the punishment and rehabilitation of people who violate such laws. Criminal proceedings may be envisaged throughout the complexity of its phases: pre-trial proceedings, preliminary hearing of indictment, main trial, appeal (remedial) proceedings, and execution proceedings. Criminal defense lawyers provide services of representation of the defendant in the criminal proceedings, rendered to both natural persons and legal entities.
Labour Law
Labor law (or employment law) mediates the relationship between workers, employing entities, trade unions, and the government. Collective labor law relates to the tripartite relationship between employees, employers, and unions. Individual labor law concerns employees' rights at work and through the contract for work. Employment standards are social norms, in some cases also technical standards, for the minimum socially acceptable conditions under which employees or contractors are allowed to work. National government agencies enforce labor law (legislative, regulatory, or judicial). Legal services are provided concerning general issues about employment relationships, internal regulations about employment relationships, termination of contracts and dismissals, collective contracts, disputes related to employment, consultancy for corporate in-house legal departments, and legal opinions.